From: Maternal health outcomes in the context of fragility: a retrospective study from Lebanon
ANC visits | Delivery Outcome | Delivery Onset | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
< 4 visits vs. ≥ 4 visits | C-section vs. Normal | Abortion vs. Normal | Preterm vs. Term | |||||||||||||
OR | Lower Limit | Upper Limit | P-value | OR | Lower Limit | Upper Limit | P-value | OR | Lower Limit | Upper Limit | P-value | OR | Lower Limit | Upper Limit | P-value | |
Nationality | ||||||||||||||||
Lebanese (ref) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||||||||||
Syrian | 0.91 | 0.62 | 1.35 | 0.66 | 0.49 | 0.31 | 0.79 | 0.003 | 0.66 | 0.27 | 1.64 | 0.37 | 1.25 | 0.66 | 2.35 | 0.49 |
Palestinian | 0.80 | 0.58 | 1.1 | 0.17 | 1.31 | 0.92 | 1.85 | 0.13 | 1.73 | 0.96 | 3.09 | 0.06 | 1.69 | 1.01 | 2.82 | 0.05 |
Region | ||||||||||||||||
Beirut (ref) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||||||||||
Beqaa | 6.86 | 4.59 | 10.26 | < .001 | 0.86 | 0.53 | 1.38 | 0.52 | 0.14 | 0.07 | 0.29 | < .001 | 1.38 | 0.768 | 2.49 | 0.28 |
Mount Lebanon | 1.75 | 1.19 | 2.57 | 0.004 | 0.82 | 0.57 | 1.18 | 0.28 | 0.34 | 0.18 | 0.64 | 0.001 | 0.43 | 0.258 | 0.73 | 0.002 |
North Lebanon | 2.19 | 1.57 | 3.07 | < .001 | 0.50 | 0.36 | 0.71 | < .001 | 1.25 | 0.68 | 2.29 | 0.476 | 0.72 | 0.447 | 1.14 | 0.16 |
South Lebanon | 1.45 | 1.06 | 1.97 | 0.02 | 0.51 | 0.38 | 0.68 | < .001 | 0.34 | 0.19 | 0.59 | < .001 | 0.64 | 0.43 | 0.94 | 0.03 |
Age groups | ||||||||||||||||
< = 17 (ref) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||||||||||
18–28 | 1.33 | 0.71 | 2.48 | 0.37 | 0.80 | 0.43 | 1.46 | 0.47 | 0.44 | 0.11 | 1.67 | 0.23 | 2.39 | 0.65 | 8.81 | 0.19 |
29–39 | 1.19 | 0.63 | 2.27 | 0.59 | 1.06 | 0.57 | 1.97 | 0.86 | 0.68 | 0.17 | 2.69 | 0.59 | 2.53 | 0.68 | 9.43 | 0.17 |
40 + | 0.85 | 0.36 | 1.97 | 0.69 | 1.16 | 0.49 | 2.77 | 0.73 | 3.46 | 0.73 | 16.32 | 0.12 | 1.13 | 0.24 | 5.43 | 0.88 |
Gravida | ||||||||||||||||
Per unit increase | 1.08 | 1.01 | 1.15 | 0.03 | 0.67 | 0.62 | 0.73 | < .001 | 0.85 | 0.75 | 0.97 | 0.02 | 1.07 | 0.98 | 1.17 | 0.14 |
ANC Visits | ||||||||||||||||
< 4 vs ≥ 4 (ref) | NA | NA | NA | NA | 1.45 | 1.15 | 1.84 | 0.002 | 250.00 | 111.11 | 500.00 | < .001 | 0.89 | 0.64 | 1.22 | 0.46 |
Onset of Delivery | ||||||||||||||||
Term (ref) | 1.0 | |||||||||||||||
Preterm | 0.91 | 0.67 | 1.24 | 0.55 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Post-term | 2.42 | 1.08 | 5.41 | 0.03 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Delivery Method | ||||||||||||||||
Normal (ref) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||||||||||||
C-section | 1.41 | 1.11 | 1.78 | 0.01 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 2.85 | 2.06 | 3.94 | < .001 |
Abortion | 44.50 | 17.53 | 112.96 | < .001 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
History of | ||||||||||||||||
Abortion | 1.07 | 0.85 | 1.34 | 0.56 | 1.80 | 1.39 | 2.33 | < .001 | 1.51 | 0.98 | 2.35 | 0.07 | 1.09 | 0.79 | 1.5 | 0.58 |
C-Section | 0.79 | 0.62 | 1.03 | 0.08 | 90.91 | 66.67 | 125.00 | < .001 | 25.64 | 15.63 | 41.67 | < .001 | 0.83 | 0.60 | 1.14 | 0.25 |
Preterm | 0.85 | 0.58 | 1.24 | 0.39 | 1.36 | 0.85 | 2.18 | 0.20 | 1.46 | 0.62 | 3.44 | 0.38 | 2.36 | 1.56 | 3.57 | < .001 |
Complications | ||||||||||||||||
During pregnancy | 0.32 | 0.18 | 0.581 | < .001 | 0.99 | 0.63 | 1.59 | 0.99 | 1.14 | 0.33 | 3.88 | 0.84 | 0.67 | 0.37 | 1.25 | 0.210 |
At delivery | 1.58 | 0.88 | 2.84 | 0.13 | 1.19 | 0.61 | 2.32 | 0.61 | 0.09 | 0.01 | 0.85 | 0.04 | 32.12 | 15.98 | 64.56 | < .001 |
Neonatal | 1.12 | 0.71 | 1.77 | 0.62 | 1.69 | 1.01 | 2.84 | 0.05 | 0.59 | 0.22 | 1.66 | 0.32 | 4.85 | 3.12 | 7.54 | < .001 |
Ultrasounds | ||||||||||||||||
None (ref) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||||||||||
1 | 0.36 | 0.28 | 0.48 | < .001 | 1.21 | 0.89 | 1.65 | 0.22 | 1.24 | 0.79 | 1.91 | 0.34 | 1.58 | 1.03 | 2.42 | 0.04 |
≥ 2 | 0.45 | 0.33 | 0.61 | < .001 | 1.35 | 0.95 | 1.91 | 0.09 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.09 | < .001 | 1.61 | 1.01 | 2.58 | 0.05 |
Tests Done | ||||||||||||||||
CBC/FBS | 0.79 | 0.52 | 1.22 | 0.295 | 0.29 | 0.18 | 0.49 | < .001 | 0.18 | 0.08 | 0.42 | < .001 | 0.446 | 0.252 | 0.79 | 0.01 |
Urinalysis | 0.59 | 0.47 | 0.77 | < .001 | 0.78 | 0.59 | 1.02 | 0.07 | 1.25 | 0.75 | 2.09 | 0.39 | 0.79 | 0.56 | 1.12 | 0.18 |
Infectious | 0.55 | 0.22 | 1.35 | 0.19 | 0.84 | 0.26 | 2.67 | 0.76 | 0.62 | 0.17 | 2.24 | 0.47 | ** | ** | ** | ** |